Biometric Security Using Finger Print Recognition Subhra Mazumdar, Venkata Dhulipala University of California, San Diego. 2.1 Fingerprint Recognition Using Siemens ID Mouse We are using Siemens ID Mouse for our project. It is a USB2.0 device that uses. Fingerprint Recognition Introduction Fingerprint identification is one of the most well-known and publicized biometrics. Because of their uniqueness.

Biometrics and Fingerprint Payment Technology

Published on Aug 06, 2018

Abstract

This article discusses biometric authentication in relation to payment systems. Biometrics uses biological traits or behavioural characteristics to identify an individual. A Biometrics system is effective pattern recognition system that utilizes different patterns similar to retina patterns, iris patterns and biological qualities like fingerprints, voice recognition, facial geometry and hand recognition etc. Biometric payment system is protected and sheltered and incredibly trouble-free to use and even without using password or top secret codes to keep in mind as compare with previous system like credit card payment system, and mobile banking etc. In daily life the usage of credit cards and debit card for shopping, bill payment, travelling and so on.

So problem is that a person has to remember their passwords or secret code and to keep secure to take with him all time. So biometric system will solve this problem. Greater implementation of biometric payment system is more reasonably priced to small business owners. We actually require alternate payment systems.

INTRODUCTION:

Biometrics is automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral attribute. Along with the quality considered are; face, fingerprint, hand geometry, iris, retinal, signature, and voice. Biometric technologies are fetching the establishment of an extensive array of extremely safe recognition and personal authentication solutions. As the level of security breaches and transaction fraud increases, the need for highly secure identification and personal verification technologies is becoming apparent. Biometric-based solutions are proficient to offer for confidential financial transactions and personal data privacy. The need for biometrics can be found in federal, state and local governments, in the military, and in commercial applications.

Enterprisewide network security infrastructures, government IDs, secure electronic banking, investing and other financial transactions, retail sales, law enforcement, and health and social services are already benefiting from these technologies. Biometric-based authentication applications include workstation, network, and domain access, single sign-on, application logon, data protection, remote access to resources, transaction security and Web security. Trust in these electronic transactions is essential to the healthy growth of the global economy.

Utilized alone or integrated with other technologies such as smart cards, encryption keys and digital signatures, biometrics are set to pervade nearly all aspects of the economy and our daily lives. Utilizing biometrics for personal authentication is becoming convenient and considerably more accurate than current methods (such as the utilization of passwords or PINs). This is because biometrics links the event to a particular individual (a password or token may be used by someone other than the authorized user), is convenient (nothing to carry or remember), accurate (it provides for positive authentication), can provide an audit trail and is becoming socially acceptable and inexpensive.

Fingerprint

Fingerprint looks at the patterns found on a fingertip. There are a variety of approaches to fingerprint verification. Some emulate the traditional police method of matching minutiae; others use straight pattern-matching devices; and still others are a bit more unique, including things like patterns and ultrasonic. Some verification approaches can detect when a live finger is presented; some cannot. A greater variety of fingerprint devices is available than for any other biometric. As the prices of these devices and processing costs fall, using fingerprints for user verification is gaining acceptance — despite the common — criminal stigma. Fingerprint verification may be a good choice for in-house systems, where you can give users adequate explanation and training, and where the system operates in a controlled environment. It is not surprising that the workstation access application area seems to be based almost exclusively on fingerprints, due to the relatively low cost, small size, and ease of integration of fingerprint authentication devices.

Hand Geometry Scanning

Hand Geometry

Hand Geometry involves analyzing and measuring the shape of the hand. This biometric offer a good balances of performance characteristics and is relatively easy to use. It might be suitable where there are more users or where users access the system infrequently and are perhaps less disciplined in their approach to the system. Accuracy can be very high if desired and flexible performance tuning and configuration can accommodate a wide range of applications. Organizations are using hand geometry readers in various scenarios, including time and attendance recording, where they have proved extremely popular. Ease of integration into other systems and processes, coupled with ease of use, and makes hand geometry an obvious first step for many biometric projects.

Iris

Iris based biometric, on the other hand, involves analyzing features found in the colored ring of tissue that surrounds the pupil. Iris scanning, undoubtedly the less intrusive of the eyerelated biometrics, uses a fairly conventional camera element and requires no close contact between the user and the reader. In addition, it has the potential for higher than average templatematching performance. Iris biometrics work with glasses in place and is one of the few devices that can work well in identification mode. Ease of use and system integration have not traditionally been strong points with iris scanning devices, but you can expect improvements in these areas as new products emerge. 5. Retina Retina based biometric involves analyzing the layer of blood vessels situated at the back of the eye. An established technology, this technique involves using a low-intensity light source through an optical coupler to scan the unique patterns of the retina. Retinal scanning can be quite accurate but does require the user to look into a receptacle and focus on a given point. This is not particularly convenient if you wear glasses or are concerned about having close contact with the reading device. For these reasons, retinal scanning is not warmly accepted by all users, even though the technology itself can work well.

Signature

Signature verification analyzes the way a user signs her name. Signing features such as speed, velocity, and pressure are as important as the finished signature’s static shape. Signature verification enjoys a synergy with existing processes that other biometrics do not. People are used to signatures as a means of transaction-related identity verification, and most would see nothing unusual in extending this to encompass biometrics. Signature verification devices are reasonably accurate in operation and obviously lend themselves to applications where a signature is an accepted identifier. Surprisingly, relatively few significant signature applications have emerged compared with other biometric methodologies. But if your application fits, it is a technology worth considering.

Voice Authentication

Voice authentication is not based on voice recognition but on voiceto- print authentication, where complex technology transforms voice into text. Voice biometrics has the most potential for growth, because it requires no new hardware — most PCs already contain a microphone. However, poor quality and ambient noise can affect verification. In addition, the enrollment procedure has often been more complicated than with other biometrics, leading to the perception that voice verification is not user friendly. Therefore, voice authentication software needs improvement. One day, voice may become an additive technology to finger-scan technology. Because many people see finger scanning as a higher authentication form, voice biometrics will most likely be relegated to replacing or enhancing PINs, passwords, or account names.

Fingerprint Sensing

The acquisition of fingerprint images has been historically carried out by spreading the finger with ink and pressing it against a paper card. The paper card is then scanned, resulting in a digital representation. This process is known as off-line acquisition and is still used in law enforcement applications. Currently, it is possible to acquire fingerprint images by pressing the finger against the flat surface of an electronic fingerprint sensor. This process is known as online acquisition.

There are three families of electronic fingerprint sensors based on the sensing technology

• Solid-state or silicon sensors (left part of Fig.4.2):

These consist of an array of pixels, each pixel being a sensor itself. Users place the finger on the surface of the silicon, and four techniques are typically used to convert the ridge/valley information into an electrical signal: capacitive, thermal, electric field and piezoelectric. Since solid-state sensors do not use optical components, their size is considerably smaller and can be easily embedded. On the other hand, silicon sensors are expensive, so the sensing area of solidstate sensors is typically small.

• Optical (right part of Fig.4.2):

The finger touches a glass prism and the prism is illuminated with diffused light. The light is reflected at the valleys and absorbed at the ridges. The reflected light is focused onto a CCD or CMOS sensor. Optical fingerprint sensors provide good image quality and large sensing area but they cannot be miniaturized because as the distance between the prism and the image sensor is reduced, more optical distortion is introduced in the acquired image.

• Ultrasound:

Acoustic signals are sent, capturing the echo signals that are reflected at the fingerprint surface. Acoustic signals are able to cross dirt and oil that may be present in the finger, thus giving good quality images. On the other hand, ultrasound scanners are large and expensive, and take some seconds to acquire an image. A new generation of touch less live scan devices that generate a 3D representation of fingerprints is appearing [22]. Several images of the finger are acquired from different views using a multi camera system, and a contact-free 3D representation of the fingerprint is constructed. This new sensing technology overcomes some of the problems that intrinsically appear in contact-based sensors such as improper finger placement, skin deformation, sensor noise or dirt.

CONCLUSION:

Biometrics is a means of verifying personal identity by measuring and analyzing unique physical or behavioural characteristics like fingerprints or voice patterns. The conclusion of this whole paper is that the card-less payment system should be replaced and there must be more easier, reliable, secure, cash free and tension free payment system, i-e biometric payment system in which no body have to take with dozens of cards for shopping, travelling, pass in office, university or bank as door lock. And the International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 4, March, 2009 36 must have some secure codes to access as authorization and there is also one another disadvantage is that there may be stolen of cards or it can be losses at any time without any care.

So to consider all these kinds of problems and disadvantages of card payment system the fingerprints payment system is suggested to be implemented because it is easier, reliable, feasible, secure and easily authorized to everyone. And there is no any worry that anyone can stolen my finger are can be loosed anywhere so other body can use it. In fingerprint payment system customer has to place his fingers on the finger scanner and then scanner will recognize the account which belongs to that person and charge the bill. So it is easy for both customer and seller because there is no need to scratch the credit card and then enter code if code is forgot or if some time card cannot read and many more problems can occur in card payment system.

And in biometric payment system no need to carry cash with them. Biometric payment system may be like fingerprints, IRIS, face recognition and blood reading or skin reading and it may be installed at any store, university, library, hostel, bank, office, home door lock, internet online shopping and many kinds where card system is installed. So in this paper we explain the biometrics with detailed term, how fingerprint system works, fingerprints’ types and fingerprint recognition through circular sampling.

Paper Published by S.Padma Priya, Department of Information Technology, Sri Adi Chunchanagiri Women’s College, Cumbum

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

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Fingerprint Biometrics Software

[2] Dr. Yashpal Singh and Singh Chauhan, Neural networks in data mining. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology (2005-2009), vol, 5, no. 6. pp. 37-42.

[3] Khyati Chaudhary, Jyoti Yadav and Bhawna Mallick, A review of fraud detection techniques: credit-card, International Journal of Computer Applications (2012), vol. 45, no. I, pp.39-44

[4] Cybercrime: protecting against the growing threat Global Economic Crime Survey – PWC Global Economic. [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.pwc.com/en_GX/gx/ economic-crime-survey/assets/GECS_GLOBAL_REPORT. pdf. [Accessed 12 December 2012].

[5] S. Rosset, U. Murad., E. Neumann, Y. Idan, and G. Pinkas. Discovery of fraud rules for telecommunicationslchallenges and solutions. In Proceedings of the fifth ACM SlGKDDinternational conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, pages 409-413. ACM Press,1999.

Global Military Biometrics Market: Snapshot

The growing threat of national security due to rise in number of illegal migration, is one of the primary drivers aiding to the growth of the global military biometrics market. The increase in the number of illegal migration affects the growth in economy as the people residing illegally are not liable to pay any form of taxes to the government. This is one of the primary concerns for restricting illegal migrations. Furthermore, another issue that can be linked with illegal migration is the fear of terrorism. According to the U.S. department of defense, 30,000 illegal migrations were reported in 2015 which belonged from countries linked with terrorist activities. The use of biometric authentication helps in identifying individuals entering the country. Hence the demand for biometrics in defense applications is expected to grow significantly during the forecast period.

The global market for military biometrics accounted for US$ 5,650.5 mn in 2016. The market is expected to grow steadily at a CAGR of 7.4% from 2017 to 2025, to reach US$ 10,620.6 mn.

North America to Continue Leading Global Military Biometrics Market

By geography, the global military biometrics market has been segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa and Latin America. North America and Europe together held more than 55% of the global market in 2016 and expected to remain dominant during the forecast period. North America has been anticipated to be the largest market in global military biometrics market. The growing concern for illegal migration in the U.S. is expected to drive the demand for military biometrics in this region. Asia Pacific held the second largest market for military biometrics. The region has also been analyzed to be the fastest growing owing to the presence of developing nations such as India and China who are increasingly adopting the biometric authentication in defense to upgrade their security measures.

Biometric Recognition Technology

Europe held the third largest market during the forecast period. The leading countries in Europe include Germany, France and the U.K. who are focusing on upgrading their defense capabilities by upgrading their authentication systems. Furthermore, the countries are also trying to restrict the entry of illegal migrations from under developed nations. Middle East and Africa region is also expected to witness steady demand for military biometrics owing to the presence of countries such as Saudi Arabia and U.A.E. which invest significantly to upgrade their defense and security. Furthermore, this region also includes countries like Iraq and Syria which are witnessing constant terrorist activities. Latin America holds the smallest market share and is expected to witness sluggish growth owing to the weak economic conditions of the countries present in this region.

Facial and Iris Recognition to Witness Strong Demand

The global military biometrics market has been segmented by types in fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and iris recognition among others. The fingerprint recognition segment has been analyzed to be the largest market during the forecast period. The fingerprint recognition is most commonly used authentication system in most of the defense agencies across the globe. However, the accuracy of iris recognition is expected to drive the demand for this segment strongly in future. Furthermore, facial recognition is also witnessing steady growth due to their wide use in border security and surveillance.

3M Cogent, Inc. (United States), Crossmatch (United States), M2SYS Technology (United States), NEC Corporation (Japan), Safran Identity and Security (France), Aware, Inc. ( United States), BIO-Key International, Inc. (United States), Fulcrum Biometrics LLC (United States) and HID Global Corporation (United States) among others are some of the major players in global military biometrics market.

Report Description

Global Military Biometrics Market: Overview

Biometric systems are becoming increasingly popular in wearable devices such as smart watches, eye glasses and fitness bands. These devices are equipped biometric identification capabilities such as heart rate sensors and blood pressure monitors. Furthermore, the wearable devices are also used for authentication purposes. Similarly, the biometrics applications are also gaining popularity in defense sector. The ongoing threat for terrorism and the rising concern for illegal migration in countries such as the U.K. and the U.S. are resulting into government focusing on upgrading the military and defense facilities with biometric authentication. These are few factors which are expected to drive the growth in the market during the forecast period.

However, there is one major factor lowering the demand for these systems during the forecast period. The installation of biometric authentication systems is complex and needs skilled personnel. In case of a system breach, there is a chance of data loss. Moreover, the whole system installation cannot be reset easily. This is one primary reason hindering the demand for biometric systems in defense sector as it involves the security of highly confidential data which cannot be compromised. Nevertheless, the ongoing technological innovations are expected to reduce the chances of breaching or hacking biometric authentication systems. Furthermore, the ongoing research and development in the field of secure access in expected to drive the demand for biometrics in defense. In June 2016, the CIO of Pentagon, Terry Halvorsen announced a two year plan of replacing the functions of common access cards with biometric systems such as iris scanners and behavioral analytics. The same technology will further be incorporated by the U.S. allies who include Australia, Britain, Canada and New Zealand.

Global Military Biometrics Market: Segmentation

The global military biometrics market can be segmented by types in fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and iris recognition primarily. The fingerprint recognition market is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period owing to the increasing application of these systems in developing regions such as Asia Pacific and Middle East. Furthermore, the iris recognition segment has been identified to be the most attractive segment owing to its accuracy in identifying the person with less malfunctionality. Iris recognition has been analyzed to be the most accurate way of identifying a person. Moreover, iris cannot be copied or used from a dead person as it becomes useless immediately. In addition, facial recognition is also becoming popular as it can be used to track a person in any area equipped with facial recognition cameras. Hence the demand for facial biometrics is expected to drive the market for military biometrics significantly. Hence the segment is expected to witness promising growth during the forecast period. Moreover, the growing concern over security from terrorist activities and the global rise in mass migration with illegal identities is expected to drive the global demand for facial and iris biometrics significantly. By geography, the global biometric market has been segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa and Latin America. North America has been analyzed to dominate the military biometrics market. The ongoing threat of illegal migrations from Mexico has resulted into the U.S. government upgrading their authentication systems in border security. Furthermore, Asia Pacific has been anticipated to have the fastest growth during the forecast period. Countries such India and China are gradually investing towards upgrading defense facilities with secured authentication which is expected to drive the market for military biometrics significantly.

Companies Mentioned in the Report

The major vendors in the global Military Biometrics market are 3M Cogent, Inc. (United States), Crossmatch (United States), M2SYS Technology (United States), NEC Corporation (Japan), Safran Identity and Security (France), Aware, Inc. ( United States), BIO-Key International, Inc. (United States), Fulcrum Biometrics LLC (United States) and HID Global Corporation (United States) among others.

The segments covered in the global military biometrics market are as follows:

By Types

• Fingerprint Recognition
• Facial Recognition
• Iris Recognition
• Others

By Geography

Fingerprint Recognition Technology

• North America
  • U.S.
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • U.K.
  • Germany
  • France
  • Italy
  • Rest of Europe
• Asia Pacific
  • India
  • China
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • Rest of Asia Pacific
• Middle East and Africa
  • UAE
  • Saudi Arabia
  • South Africa
• Latin America
  • Brazil
  • Rest of Latin America